After gaining independence in 1947, India faced several challenges such as poverty, unemployment, and underdevelopment. The government believed that by developing heavy industries like steel, power, and infrastructure, they could create employment opportunities for the growing population and boost economic growth. Additionally, heavy industries were seen as essential for reducing reliance on imports and promoting self-sufficiency in crucial sectors. Developing a strong industrial base was also seen as a way to assert India's independence and sovereignty on the global stage.
