your answers to Questions 15-16 on the passage and on your knowledge of social studies: . . .No nation was ever founded with greater revolutionary zeal than the Turkish Republic, nor has any undergone more sweeping change in such a short time. In a very few years after 1923, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk transformed a shattered and bewildered nation into one obsessed with progress. His was a one-man revolution, imposed and steered from above. Atatürk knew that Turks were not ready to break violently with their past, embrace modernity and turn decisively toward the West. He also knew, however, that doing so would be the only way for them to shape a new destiny for themselves and their nation. So he forced them, often over the howling protests of the old order. Source: Stephen Kinzer, Crescent and Star: Turkey Between Two Worlds, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2001 15. According to this document, what was one challenge Atatürk faced in his efforts to reform Turkey? 1) Western nations refused to allow Atatürk’s reforms to be implemented in the region. 2) The League of Nations created a mandate system which prevented Atatürk’s reforms. 3) Turks wanted to embrace progress and rejected Atatürk’s attempts to protect tradition. 4) Traditionalists favored the past and rejected Atatürk’s modern Westernization reforms. 16. Debate over Atatürk’s reforms are most similar to which historical development? 1) The Boxer Rebellion 2) Scramble for Africa 3) The Munich Conference 4) The Nuremberg Trials explaix individually why other answers are wrong
15. The correct answer is 4) Traditionalists favored the past and rejected Atatürk’s modern Westernization reforms.
Explanation:
In the passage, it is stated that Mustafa Kemal Atatürk imposed and steered a one-man revolution from above, often over the protests of the old order. This indicates that there were traditionalists who were resistant to Atatürk's reforms and preferred to hold on to their past. This is further supported by the statement that Atatürk knew Turks were not ready to break violently with their past and embrace modernity, but he forced them to do so in order to shape a new destiny for Turkey.
Therefore, option 4 is the correct answer as it accurately reflects the challenge Atatürk faced in his efforts to reform Turkey.
16. The correct answer is not provided in the given options.
Explanation:
The options provided (1) The Boxer Rebellion, (2) Scramble for Africa, (3) The Munich Conference, and (4) The Nuremberg Trials, do not correspond to any historical development that is most similar to the debate over Atatürk's reforms.
The Boxer Rebellion (Option 1) was an anti-foreigner and anti-Christian movement in China from 1899-1901, involving a group of Chinese peasants who protested against Western influence. It is not directly related to Atatürk's reforms in Turkey.
The Scramble for Africa (Option 2) refers to the European colonization and division of Africa during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It does not align with Atatürk's reforms either.
The Munich Conference (Option 3) was a 1938 conference where European powers allowed Nazi Germany to annex part of Czechoslovakia in exchange for the promise of peace. It is unrelated to Atatürk's reforms.
The Nuremberg Trials (Option 4) were a series of military tribunals held after World War II to prosecute prominent Nazi leaders for war crimes. This is also not a suitable comparison to the debate over Atatürk's reforms.
Therefore, none of the options provided accurately represent a historical development similar to the debate over Atatürk's reforms.