which is more polar Anthracene or 2,3-Dibromoanthracene?
2,3-Dibromoanthracene is more polar than Anthracene.
This is because the presence of bromine atoms in 2,3-Dibromoanthracene introduces more electronegative atoms into the molecule, which increases the overall polarity. The bromine atoms have a higher electronegativity compared to carbon, making them capable of attracting more electron density towards themselves. Additionally, the presence of two bromine atoms on adjacent carbon atoms further enhances the polarity of 2,3-Dibromoanthracene.
To determine which molecule is more polar, we need to assess their individual polarities.
Polarity is influenced by two factors: electronegativity difference and molecular geometry.
1. Electronegativity difference: It refers to the disparity in electronegativity values between the atoms involved in a chemical bond. Generally, larger differences in electronegativity result in more polar bonds.
2. Molecular geometry: The spatial arrangement of atoms in a molecule also affects polarity. Symmetrical molecules tend to be nonpolar, while unsymmetrical molecules tend to be polar.
Now, let's analyze Anthracene (C14H10) and 2,3-Dibromoanthracene (C14H8Br2).
1. Anthracene: It consists of only carbon and hydrogen atoms. Carbon and hydrogen have similar electronegativity values, resulting in nonpolar C-H bonds. Additionally, since Anthracene is symmetrically arranged, the polarities of individual bonds cancel each other out, making Anthracene a nonpolar molecule.
2. 2,3-Dibromoanthracene: In this molecule, two bromine atoms substitute two of the hydrogen atoms in Anthracene. Bromine is more electronegative than carbon and hydrogen, creating polar C-Br bonds. Furthermore, the molecule is no longer symmetrical due to the addition of bromine atoms, resulting in an overall net dipole moment. Thus, 2,3-Dibromoanthracene is a polar molecule.
In conclusion, 2,3-Dibromoanthracene is more polar than Anthracene due to the presence of polar C-Br bonds and the unsymmetrical arrangement of its atoms.
To determine which compound is more polar, we can look at their molecular structures.
Anthracene (C14H10) is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon composed of three fused benzene rings. It consists of alternating single and double bonds, which results in a planar, flat structure. It has a symmetrical arrangement and does not have any significant dipole moment.
On the other hand, 2,3-Dibromoanthracene (C14H8Br2) is a derivative of anthracene with two bromine atoms substituted at positions 2 and 3 in one of the benzene rings. The bromine atoms are more electronegative than carbon, resulting in a polar covalent bond. This substitution introduces asymmetry into the molecule and creates a dipole moment due to the electronegativity difference between carbon and bromine.
Based on the presence of polar covalent bonds and dipole moment, 2,3-Dibromoanthracene is more polar than anthracene.