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The equation that models the number of polar bears over time is:
N = 25,000 - 1000 * t
where N is the number of polar bears and t is the number of years.
Graphing the equation can help us solve the problem because we can visually see the trend of the population decline over time. By plotting the equation on a graph, we can determine the point at which the number of polar bears becomes zero, indicating the year of extinction.