1. During cellular respiration, the covalent bonds of a molecule are broken down to make products. Which molecule is broken down?
A. carbon dioxide
B. ADP
C. Water
D. Sugar
2. During cellular respiration, four total ATP are produced when pyruvic acid is created. What else is produced as a result of this reaction?
A. Heat
B. Oxygen
C. Sugar
D. Water
3. Why does hydrogen bond so tightly to oxygen during cellular respiration?
A. It is less electronegative than oxygen.
B. It is not electronegative, but oxygen is.
C. It is more electronegative than oxygen.
D. It is electronegative, but oxygen is not.
4. Identify the byproduct of lactic acid fermentation
A. Carbon dioxide
B. Oxygen
C. lactic acid
D. pyruvic acid
5. When a reaction releases more energy than it uses, it is called
A. exothermic
B. catalyst
C. Lactic
D. emeritus
1. The molecule that is broken down during cellular respiration is D. Sugar.
2. In addition to four total ATP, A. Heat is also produced as a result of the reaction.
3. Hydrogen bonds so tightly to oxygen during cellular respiration because C. It is more electronegative than oxygen.
4. The byproduct of lactic acid fermentation is C. lactic acid.
5. When a reaction releases more energy than it uses, it is called A. exothermic.
1. The molecule that is broken down during cellular respiration is option D. Sugar. To determine this answer, one would need to understand the process of cellular respiration. Cellular respiration is the process by which cells convert glucose (a type of sugar) into usable energy in the form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate). The covalent bonds of glucose molecules are broken down through a series of chemical reactions, resulting in the production of ATP.
2. The correct answer is option A. Heat. To arrive at this answer, one would need to understand the chemical reactions involved in cellular respiration. During the conversion of pyruvic acid to ATP, energy is released in the form of heat. This is an example of an exothermic reaction, where more energy is released than consumed.
3. The reason hydrogen bonds tightly to oxygen during cellular respiration is because hydrogen is more electronegative than oxygen. The correct answer is option C. To understand this, one would need knowledge of electronegativity, which measures the tendency of an atom to attract electrons. Oxygen is highly electronegative, meaning it strongly attracts electrons. Hydrogen, being less electronegative, forms a strong bond with oxygen by sharing its electrons.
4. The byproduct of lactic acid fermentation is option C. Lactic acid. To determine this answer, one would need to be familiar with the process of lactic acid fermentation. During lactic acid fermentation, glucose is converted into lactic acid in the absence of oxygen. This process occurs in certain microorganisms and muscle cells when oxygen is limited.
5. The reaction that releases more energy than it uses is called an option A. exothermic reaction. To understand this, one would need to know the difference between exothermic and endothermic reactions. In an exothermic reaction, energy is released to the surroundings, resulting in an overall decrease in energy. This is often accompanied by the production of heat. In contrast, an endothermic reaction absorbs energy from the surroundings.
1. D. Sugar
2. D. Water
3. C. It is more electronegative than oxygen.
4. C. Lactic acid
5. A. Exothermic