What is surface tension and what does tension in surface mean. Definition of tension?
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Unit of surface tension
Surface tension is a physical property of liquids that describes the force exerted across the surface of the liquid. It is due to the cohesive forces between the liquid molecules and creates an interface between the liquid and the surrounding atmosphere.
To understand the concept of tension in the context of surface tension, we first need to define tension. Tension is a force that is transmitted through a medium, such as a string or a liquid, when it is pulled or stretched. It is commonly experienced in everyday situations, like when you pull on a rope or stretch a rubber band.
When we talk about tension in the context of surface tension, we are referring to the force that is present within the surface of a liquid, acting as if the surface is under tension. This force arises due to the cohesive forces between the liquid molecules, which cause the molecules at the surface to be pulled inward. Essentially, the molecules on the surface are attracted more strongly to their neighboring molecules inside the liquid than to the air or other substances outside the liquid. As a result, this inward force acts as if the surface of the liquid is stretched like a thin, elastic film.
The tension in the surface of a liquid can be observed in many ways, such as when a liquid forms droplets, spreads on a surface, or when you see insects like water striders walking on water. It is this tension that allows certain objects, like needles or paperclips, to float on the surface of water without sinking.
In summary, tension in the context of surface tension refers to the force exerted within the surface of a liquid due to the cohesive forces between its molecules, resulting in the surface acting as if it is under tension.