A mute is an object that is fitted to the end of a brass instrument to change the instrument’s sound and tone. Mutes can be made from many materials but aluminum, brass, and copper are common. A mute works by changing the shape of the instrument and absorbing its acoustic vibrations. This causes the instrument to produce a sharp, damp sound. Mutes are often used in jazz music but sometimes they are called for in other compositions as well.

a. Problem and Solution
b. Compare and Contrast
c. Chronological
d. Cause and Effect
e. Sequence

d. Cause and Effect

Explanation: The passage describes how a mute (the cause) changes the sound and tone of a brass instrument (the effect) by altering the shape of the instrument and absorbing its vibrations.