Explain the following Key areas to focus on for the long and short questions.
Defining aggression and antisocial behaviours; Inner causes of aggression; interpersonal causes of aggression; external causes of aggression.
Prejudice; Why prejudice exists; Targets of prejudice; The duplex mind and how it relates to prejudice and stereotype
Persuasion
1. Defining aggression and antisocial behaviors:
- Key areas to focus on for long questions: definitions and examples of aggression and antisocial behaviors, theories and research on the causes of aggression and antisocial behaviors, the impact of aggression and antisocial behaviors on individuals and society.
- Key areas to focus on for short questions: specific examples of aggression and antisocial behaviors, factors that contribute to aggressive behavior, strategies for preventing and managing aggression and antisocial behaviors.
2. Inner causes of aggression:
- Key areas to focus on for long questions: biological factors (e.g. genetics, brain chemistry), psychological factors (e.g. personality traits, cognitive processes), emotional factors (e.g. anger, frustration), how these factors interact to influence aggressive behavior.
- Key areas to focus on for short questions: specific examples of inner causes of aggression, how individuals can learn to recognize and manage these inner causes, the role of self-regulation in controlling aggressive impulses.
3. Interpersonal causes of aggression:
- Key areas to focus on for long questions: social learning theory, attachment theory, socialization processes, the role of family, peers, and social networks in shaping aggressive behavior.
- Key areas to focus on for short questions: specific examples of interpersonal causes of aggression, ways in which social dynamics can either promote or inhibit aggression, strategies for improving communication and conflict resolution skills.
4. External causes of aggression:
- Key areas to focus on for long questions: environmental influences such as media, cultural norms, economic conditions, the impact of social inequalities and discrimination on aggression.
- Key areas to focus on for short questions: specific examples of external causes of aggression, ways in which individuals and communities can work together to reduce external triggers for aggressive behavior, the role of policy and advocacy in addressing systemic issues that contribute to aggression.
5. Prejudice:
- Key areas to focus on for long questions: definitions and examples of prejudice, the psychological and sociological theories that explain the existence of prejudice, the impact of prejudice on individuals and society.
- Key areas to focus on for short questions: specific examples of prejudice, strategies for challenging and reducing prejudice, the importance of promoting empathy and understanding to combat prejudice.
6. Targets of prejudice:
- Key areas to focus on for long questions: the different groups that are commonly targeted by prejudice (e.g. race, gender, sexual orientation, religion), the historical and cultural roots of prejudice against these groups.
- Key areas to focus on for short questions: specific examples of groups that are targets of prejudice, the ways in which prejudice can manifest in different contexts, the consequences of prejudice for individuals and communities.
7. The duplex mind and how it relates to prejudice and stereotype:
- Key areas to focus on for long questions: the concept of the duplex mind (i.e. the dual-process model of thinking), how automatic and controlled processes influence attitudes and behaviors related to prejudice and stereotype.
- Key areas to focus on for short questions: specific examples of how the duplex mind operates in relation to prejudice and stereotype, the implications of this model for interventions aimed at reducing prejudice and stereotype.
8. Persuasion:
- Key areas to focus on for long questions: the principles of persuasion (e.g. source credibility, message content, audience characteristics), theories of persuasion (e.g. cognitive dissonance theory, elaboration likelihood model), the ethical considerations of persuasion techniques.
- Key areas to focus on for short questions: specific examples of persuasive techniques, strategies for evaluating the effectiveness of persuasive messages, the importance of critical thinking skills in resisting manipulative persuasion.