How did oxygen in the atmosphere contribute to weathering of the lithosphere
Oxygen in the atmosphere plays a significant role in weathering of the lithosphere through oxidation reactions. When rocks containing iron or sulfur minerals come into contact with oxygen in the atmosphere, these minerals can undergo oxidation, leading to the breakdown of the rocks.
In the case of iron minerals, the oxidation of iron-bearing minerals such as pyrite or hematite can lead to the formation of iron oxides like rust. This process weakens the rocks, making them more susceptible to physical weathering processes such as erosion by wind or water.
Similarly, the oxidation of sulfur minerals like pyrite can lead to the formation of sulfuric acid, which can further enhance chemical weathering of the rocks by dissolving minerals and breaking down the rock structure.
Overall, the presence of oxygen in the atmosphere contributes to both physical and chemical weathering of the lithosphere, leading to the breakdown and alteration of rocks over time.