NaCl(s) ⇄ Na+(aq) + Cl–(aq)

A student is testing two clear liquids. One liquid is water that has been modified with hydroxide ions to have a basic pH. The other liquid is a sports drink that contains added electrolytes, including Na+(aq). The student has available to them multiple samples of a NaCl solution and the ability to test the concentration of ions in the solution. When NaCl molecules are formed, they crystalize (form crystals). How can the student use the equilibrium reaction of sodium chloride to determine which liquid is which? In three to five sentences, explain your answer.

The student can use the equilibrium reaction of sodium chloride to determine which liquid is which by observing the formation of crystals. In a basic solution, the hydroxide ions will react with the sodium ions to form NaOH, which is a strong base that will hydrolyze any NaCl crystals formed. On the other hand, in the sports drink solution containing added electrolytes, the presence of Na+ ions will favor the formation of NaCl crystals. By adding a sample of the clear liquid to a solution of NaCl and observing the formation of crystals, the student can determine which liquid is the basic solution modified with hydroxide ions and which is the sports drink containing added electrolytes.