Down syndrome is a genetic disorder caused by the presence of an extra chromosome 21. This additional genetic material can cause physical and cognitive delays, as well as characteristic facial features in individuals with Down syndrome. It is the most common chromosomal disorder in humans, occurring in about 1 in every 700 births. People with Down syndrome may have varying degrees of intellectual disability and may also have other health issues such as heart defects, respiratory problems, and vision or hearing impairment. With appropriate support and early intervention, individuals with Down syndrome can lead fulfilling and productive lives.
