How does maternal hypertension cause iufd
Maternal hypertension can cause intrauterine fetal demise (IUFD) through various mechanisms:
1. Decreased blood flow to the placenta: Hypertension can narrow and harden the blood vessels, reducing blood flow to the placenta. This results in decreased oxygen and nutrients reaching the fetus, leading to fetal distress and possible demise.
2. Placental abruption: Hypertension increases the risk of placental abruption, a condition where the placenta separates from the uterine wall before the baby is born. This can result in severe bleeding and oxygen deprivation to the fetus, leading to IUFD.
3. Preeclampsia: Maternal hypertension can also lead to preeclampsia, a serious pregnancy complication characterized by high blood pressure and protein in the urine. Preeclampsia can cause placental dysfunction, impaired fetal growth, and ultimately IUFD if left untreated.
4. Reduced placental function: Maternal hypertension can also impair the function of the placenta, which is responsible for providing oxygen and nutrients to the fetus. This can result in fetal growth restriction and ultimately IUFD.
Overall, maternal hypertension can directly and indirectly impact the placental function and blood flow, leading to various complications that can result in intrauterine fetal demise. It is essential for pregnant women with hypertension to closely monitor their blood pressure and receive appropriate medical care to prevent adverse outcomes for both the mother and fetus.