SS 7B U7L1 Influential Civilizations Portfolio answers
Ohio Conexus Academy
1. Mesopotamia:
- Mesopotamia was an influential civilization due to its advancements in agriculture, government, and writing. The people of Mesopotamia were the first to develop a system of writing, known as cuneiform, which allowed for record-keeping and communication. They also built sophisticated irrigation systems to support their agriculture, leading to a surplus of food and a population boom. Additionally, Mesopotamia is known for developing the world's first known legal code, the Code of Hammurabi, which established laws and punishments for various crimes.
2. Ancient Egypt:
- Ancient Egypt was a powerful civilization that thrived along the Nile River. The Egyptians are known for their impressive architectural achievements, such as the construction of the pyramids and temples. They also developed a complex system of writing known as hieroglyphics, which was used for record-keeping and communication. The Egyptians were skilled in medicine, mathematics, and astronomy, and their advancements in these fields have had a lasting impact on modern society.
3. Ancient Greece:
- Ancient Greece is often considered the birthplace of Western civilization due to its contributions to philosophy, democracy, and the arts. Greek philosophers such as Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle laid the foundation for modern philosophy and critical thinking. The Greeks also developed the concept of democracy, where citizens are involved in the decision-making process of government. Greek art, literature, and theater continue to influence Western culture to this day.
4. Roman Empire:
- The Roman Empire was a dominant civilization in the ancient world, known for its vast empire, advanced engineering, and legal system. The Romans were skilled architects and engineers, building roads, aqueducts, and colosseums that still stand today. They also developed a sophisticated legal system that influenced many modern legal codes. The Roman Empire's contributions to language, art, and architecture continue to be admired and studied by historians and scholars.
5. China:
- Ancient China was a highly influential civilization that developed many important innovations, such as papermaking, printing, and the compass. The Chinese also made significant advances in agriculture, medicine, and technology. Chinese philosophers such as Confucius and Laozi provided important teachings that continue to influence Chinese culture and society. The Great Wall of China, built to protect against invasions, remains a symbol of China's ancient engineering prowess.