The phases of the moon are caused by:

1. Earth revolving around the sun and the sun’s light being reflected off the moon
2. The moon revolving around Earth and the moon reflecting sunlight towards Earth
3. The moon revolving around Earth with sunlight reflecting off of Earth towards the moon.
4. The moon revolving around the sun and Earth

5. The tilt of the moon's orbit relative to Earth's orbit around the sun.

1 2 3 or 4

1. Earth revolving around the sun and the sun’s light being reflected off the moon