The pressure difference between the equator and the poles is primarily caused by the uneven distribution of solar energy received by different parts of the Earth. At the equator, the sun's rays hit the Earth's surface more directly, leading to higher temperatures and lower air pressure. This creates a thermal low pressure system near the equator. In contrast, at the poles, the sun's rays are more slanted, leading to colder temperatures and higher air pressure. This creates a polar high pressure system. The pressure gradient between these two systems drives the movement of air and the development of global wind patterns.
