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The rate of change can be found by calculating the slope of the line passing through the two points given.
Slope = (change in y) / (change in x)
Slope = (30-15) / (8-4)
Slope = 15 / 4
Slope = 3.75
Therefore, the rate of change in the cost of gas as each gallon is pumped is $3.75 per gallon.