A variety of cultures and societies have formed throughout human history.
Compare and contrast three aspects of a hunter-gatherer society with those of an agricultural society
Some hunter-gatherer societies shifted to agriculture as animais were domesticated and crop plants were cultivated. What are two ways this shift could have increased the probability of members surviving and reproducing in these societies?
Hunter-gatherer society:
1. Social structure: Hunter-gatherer societies typically had a more egalitarian social structure, with less hierarchy and division of labor among members. Everyone contributed to gathering food and resources for the group.
2. Mobility: Hunter-gatherer societies were nomadic and followed the migration patterns of animals and seasonal availability of plants. This lifestyle required constant movement in search of food sources.
Agricultural society:
1. Social structure: Agricultural societies tend to have more complex social structures with a division of labor, specialization of roles, and hierarchy. There may be distinct social classes based on occupation or wealth.
2. Settlement: Agricultural societies settled in one place to cultivate crops and domesticate animals. This led to the development of permanent settlements, allowing for the accumulation of surplus food and resources.
Shift from hunter-gatherer to agriculture:
1. Increased food security: Agriculture provided a more consistent and reliable food source compared to hunting and foraging. This stability in food supply increased the probability of survival and reproduction for individuals in agricultural societies.
2. Population growth: With the ability to produce surplus food, agricultural societies could support larger populations. This led to increased opportunities for reproduction and the expansion of the community.