how did physical and human factors serve as barriers and supports for the spread of Islam? (2 points)
1. Physical factors such as geography played a role in both facilitating and hindering the spread of Islam. For example, the expansive deserts of the Arabian Peninsula served as a barrier to communication and transportation, making it difficult for the message of Islam to spread quickly. However, once Islamic armies were able to conquer these areas, the well-established trade routes helped to facilitate the spread of the religion to other regions.
2. Human factors such as cultural differences and social structures also played a role in either supporting or hindering the spread of Islam. In some regions, the tribal social structures and strong religious traditions made it difficult for the new religion to take hold. However, in other areas where there was a sense of political instability or dissatisfaction with existing religions, Islam was able to rapidly gain followers and spread. Additionally, the strong sense of community and support within Islamic societies helped to solidify the religion's presence and influence in various regions.