The textbook feels heavier than the pencil because it has more mass and density compared to the pencil. The weight of an object is determined by both its mass (the amount of matter in an object) and the acceleration due to gravity acting on it. Since the textbook has more mass than the pencil, it will exert a greater force on your hand, making it feel heavier. Additionally, the textbook has a larger surface area that is in contact with your hand, distributing its weight over a larger area and making it feel heavier as well.
