The Renaissance and Reformation Pretest answers
1. The Renaissance was a period of cultural and intellectual rebirth that occurred in Europe from the 14th to the 17th century. It marked the transition from the medieval period to the modern era.
2. The Reformation was a religious movement that took place in the 16th century, leading to the split of the Catholic Church and the formation of Protestant denominations.
3. Some key figures of the Renaissance include Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, and William Shakespeare.
4. The invention of the printing press by Johannes Gutenberg in the 15th century played a significant role in spreading ideas during the Renaissance and Reformation.
5. The Council of Trent was a meeting of Catholic Church leaders in the 16th century that reaffirmed traditional Catholic teachings and practices in response to the Protestant Reformation.
6. The Reformation was sparked by Martin Luther, a German monk who criticized the sale of indulgences and other practices of the Catholic Church.
7. Humanism was an intellectual movement during the Renaissance that focused on the study of classical texts and emphasized human potential and achievements.
8. The Renaissance art and literature emphasized realism, individualism, and secular themes.
9. The Protestant Reformation resulted in the formation of various denominations, such as Lutheranism, Calvinism, and Anglicanism.
10. The Peace of Augsburg in 1555 recognized the Lutheran Church as a legitimate state religion in Germany, allowing rulers to choose between Catholicism and Lutheranism for their territories.