Describe how the rain shadow effect works. (4 points)
1. The rain shadow effect is a phenomenon that occurs when moist air from an ocean or sea is blown towards a mountain range.
2. As the air rises over the mountains, it cools and loses its moisture through precipitation on the windward side of the range.
3. By the time the air reaches the leeward side of the mountains, it has lost much of its moisture content, creating a dry, rain shadow area.
4. This creates a stark contrast in rainfall patterns, with one side of the mountain range receiving plentiful precipitation and the other side experiencing much drier conditions.