A musicologist would be able to describe
The styles of particular periods of music throughout history
The best way to catalog music in the library
How a composer should write music
What instrument should be used in an orchestra
How different musical genres developed and evolved over time
The cultural and societal influences on music composition and performance
The technical aspects of musical composition, including harmony, melody, and rhythm
The significance of music in different cultures and societies
The impact of technology on music production and distribution
The role of music in various social and political movements