SCIENCE: EXPLAIN EFFECTS OF MUTATIONS.
WHAT ARE THE EFFECTS OF CYSTIC FIBROSIS?
1. CIRCULATORY AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASESF.
2. ABSENCE OF PIGMENT.
3. RESPIRATORY AND DIGESTIVE ISSUES.
4. SKIN DISORDERS.
Mutations are changes in the DNA sequence that can have various effects on an organism. In the case of cystic fibrosis, a genetic disorder caused by mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene, the effects include:
1. Circulatory and cardiovascular diseases: Cystic fibrosis can lead to the buildup of thick, sticky mucus in the lungs, which can block airways and create a breeding ground for bacteria. This can result in recurrent respiratory infections, inflammation, and eventually respiratory failure. The increased mucus production can also affect the pancreas and lead to problems with nutrient absorption.
2. Absence of pigment: Cystic fibrosis does not typically affect skin pigment. Instead, it primarily impacts the respiratory and digestive systems.
3. Respiratory and digestive issues: The buildup of mucus in the lungs can lead to chronic coughing, wheezing, and difficulty breathing. In the digestive system, the mucus can block the ducts of the pancreas, preventing digestive enzymes from reaching the intestines and impairing nutrient absorption. This can result in malnutrition, poor growth, and digestive issues such as diarrhea and greasy stools.
4. Skin disorders: While cystic fibrosis primarily affects the respiratory and digestive systems, it can also have secondary effects on the skin. People with cystic fibrosis may have skin that is dry, itchy, and prone to infections due to poor nutrient absorption and dehydration.
Overall, the effects of mutations in the CFTR gene in cystic fibrosis can significantly impact the overall health and quality of life of individuals with the condition. Early detection and management of symptoms are essential for improving outcomes and quality of life for those affected by cystic fibrosis.