The causes of constitutional monarchy in England were predominantly driven by political and religious conflicts, such as the English Civil War and the Glorious Revolution. These conflicts led to the establishment of a constitutional framework, limiting the powers of the monarchy and creating a system of checks and balances. On the other hand, the rise of absolute monarchy in Russia was primarily a result of the consolidation of power by the Russian autocrats, who sought to centralize authority and suppress dissent. The effects of constitutional monarchy in England were the gradual establishment of democratic principles and the development of a stable government, while the effects of absolute monarchy in Russia were the perpetuation of autocratic rule and the suppression of individual freedoms.
