The debate over the Bill of Rights significantly influenced the rights that were ultimately included in the ten amendments. In their letters, Jefferson and Madison expressed their concerns about the potential abuse of power and the need for explicit protections of individual rights. They argued for the inclusion of specific guarantees such as the freedom of speech, religion, and press, as well as protections against unreasonable searches and seizures. These arguments and discussions during the drafting process led to the inclusion of these rights in the final version of the Bill of Rights, ensuring their protection and safeguarding individual liberties in the United States.