Economy of the Aztec civilization
The economy of the Aztec civilization was based on agriculture, trade, and tribute. Agriculture was the foundation of the Aztec economy, with the cultivation of crops such as maize (corn), beans, squash, and chili peppers being crucial for their survival. The Aztecs developed advanced irrigation systems and used chinampas, or artificial islands made of mud and vegetation, to expand their agricultural land.
Trade was another significant aspect of the Aztec economy. The Aztecs engaged in long-distance trade, both within their empire and with other regions. They traded goods such as obsidian, textiles, jade, precious stones, feathers, and cacao beans. The cacao beans, in particular, were used as currency, serving as a medium of exchange and a measure of value.
The Aztec civilization also relied on the collection of tribute from conquered peoples. Tribute was a form of tax or tribute paid by subject states to the Aztec empire in the form of goods, labor, or military service. Conquered states had to pay tribute in the form of food, raw materials, and luxury goods like gold and feathers.
In addition to these economic activities, the Aztecs also had a complex market system. They had markets in their cities and towns where goods were bought and sold. These markets played a crucial role in facilitating trade and commerce within the empire.
Overall, the Aztec economy was diverse and multifaceted, with a combination of agriculture, trade, and tribute forming the basis of their economic system.