a
Hydrosphere
b
Geosphere
c
Atmosphere
d
Biosphere
a) Hydrosphere refers to all the water on Earth, including oceans, lakes, rivers, groundwater, and even water vapor in the atmosphere.
b) Geosphere refers to the solid Earth, including the rocks, minerals, and landforms that make up the planet's surface.
c) Atmosphere refers to the layer of gases that surround the Earth. It consists of various gases, such as nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water vapor, which play a crucial role in supporting life and weather patterns.
d) Biosphere refers to all the living organisms on Earth, including plants, animals, and microorganisms. It encompasses all the ecosystems where life can exist, from the depths of the ocean to the highest mountain peaks.