In Washington state history, what is the growth management act and why is it important?
The Growth Management Act (GMA) is a state law passed in 1990 that outlines a framework for managing growth in Washington state. The GMA was enacted in response to concerns regarding rapid urban sprawl, environmental degradation, and insufficient infrastructure planning. It aims to ensure that growth is managed in a thoughtful and sustainable manner. Here are a few key aspects and reasons why the GMA is important:
1. Comprehensive Planning: The GMA requires cities and counties to develop comprehensive plans that guide future growth and development. These plans incorporate elements such as land use, transportation, housing, economic development, and environmental protection. The GMA encourages long-term strategic planning, promoting the efficient use of land and infrastructure.
2. Urban Growth Areas (UGAs): The GMA designates Urban Growth Areas where growth and development are concentrated. These UGAs have designated boundaries beyond which rural and agricultural lands are protected from urban development. By defining UGAs, the GMA helps preserve the rural character of certain areas and avoids urban sprawl.
3. Environmental Considerations: The GMA emphasizes environmental protection and requires local jurisdictions to consider environmental impact assessments when making land use decisions. It seeks to minimize harm to critical areas like wetlands, streams, and forests. Counties and cities must also develop regulations to protect the environment and maintain natural resource lands.
4. Transportation Planning: The GMA encourages the integration of transportation planning with land use planning. By coordinating infrastructure investments with growth areas, it aims to reduce traffic congestion and promote alternative modes of transportation like walking, biking, and public transit. This approach helps create more livable and sustainable communities.
5. Smart Growth and Affordable Housing: The GMA promotes smart growth principles, such as promoting compact development, mixed land uses, and accessible amenities. It aims to create vibrant communities that are walkable, economically viable, and minimize reliance on single-occupancy vehicles. Additionally, the GMA requires local jurisdictions to plan for affordable housing to ensure diverse housing options within their communities.
Overall, the Growth Management Act plays a crucial role in managing growth in Washington state and addressing the challenges associated with rapid urbanization, environmental degradation, and inadequate infrastructure. It fosters sustainable development, protects the environment, and promotes livable communities.