define each one of the following
melting, freezing ,sublimation, vaporization, condensation, deposition
- Melting: Melting is the process by which a solid substance changes into a liquid state when heat is applied. This occurs when the substance's temperature exceeds its melting point.
- Freezing: Freezing is the opposite process of melting. It occurs when a liquid substance is cooled down below its freezing point, causing it to solidify into a solid state.
- Sublimation: Sublimation is the conversion of a solid directly into a gas state without going through the liquid phase. In this process, when heat is applied to a solid, its molecules gain enough energy to directly transition from a solid to a gas, bypassing the liquid phase.
- Vaporization: Vaporization refers to the process by which a liquid substance changes into a gas state. There are two types of vaporization: evaporation and boiling. Evaporation occurs at the surface of a liquid when its molecules gain enough energy to escape and turn into a gas. Boiling, on the other hand, happens when a liquid is heated to its boiling point, causing rapid vaporization throughout the liquid.
- Condensation: Condensation is the opposite process of vaporization. It occurs when a gas cools down and loses energy, causing its molecules to come together and form a liquid state. This process often occurs when hot or humid air meets a cooler surface, such as when water droplets form on the outside of a glass of cold water.
- Deposition: Deposition is the transition of a gas directly into a solid without going through the liquid phase. It is the reverse process of sublimation, where a gas loses energy and changes directly into a solid state.