The stars that are red have the lowest energy. Stars that are blue have the highest energy. How is this related to what you know about the electromagnetic spectrum?
This information about the energy level of stars being lowest for red stars and highest for blue stars is related to what we know about the electromagnetic spectrum. The electromagnetic spectrum is a range of all possible wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation, classified into different regions based on their energy levels.
In the electromagnetic spectrum, shorter wavelengths correspond to higher energy levels, while longer wavelengths correspond to lower energy levels. This relationship can be understood using the equation E = hf, where E represents energy, h is Planck's constant, and f represents the frequency of the electromagnetic wave.
Now, when it comes to stars, their color is closely related to their temperature. Blue stars have a higher temperature compared to red stars. According to Wien's Law, the wavelength of light emitted by a blackbody (like a star) is inversely proportional to its temperature. Higher temperature stars emit shorter wavelength (higher energy) light, while lower temperature stars emit longer wavelength (lower energy) light.
Therefore, when we observe red stars, we are seeing the lowest energy photons being emitted from them, which are mainly in the red part of the visible light spectrum. On the other hand, blue stars emit higher energy photons, primarily in the blue or blue-violet part of the visible light spectrum.
Hence, the relationship between the color (energy) of stars and their position on the electromagnetic spectrum can be explained by the principles of temperature, wavelength, and energy levels.