What effect does ionizing radiation have on the atmosphere? Select the two correct answers from the following.

a) It forms ozone in the stratosphere.
b) It is the chief caused of warming in the troposphere
c) It helps atoms to escape earth's gravity in the exosphere
d) It ionizes atoms and molecules in the thermosphere

a) It forms ozone in the stratosphere.

d) It ionizes atoms and molecules in the thermosphere