Social control theory explain
Social control theory is a sociological perspective that seeks to explain why people conform to societal norms and rules. It suggests that individuals have an inherent tendency to engage in deviant behavior, but conform to social norms due to the presence of social bonds or controls.
The theory argues that the strength of an individual's social bond or attachment to society determines their tendency to engage in deviant behavior. These social bonds consist of four elements:
1. Attachment: This refers to an individual's emotional connection to others, such as family, friends, and community. A stronger attachment to these groups reduces the likelihood of deviance as individuals fear the potential loss of these relationships.
2. Commitment: This refers to an individual's investment in achieving conventional goals, such as education, career, or relationships. The more an individual has to lose by engaging in deviant behavior, the more likely they are to conform to societal norms.
3. Involvement: This refers to an individual's participation in legitimate activities such as sports, hobbies, or organizations. Being busy with such activities limits the time available for deviant behavior, reducing the chances of engagement.
4. Belief: This refers to an individual's acceptance and internalization of societal values, norms, and moral codes. Strong beliefs in the legitimacy and importance of societal rules act as internal controls on behavior.
According to social control theory, individuals who lack strong social bonds or have weak attachments, commitments, involvements, or beliefs are more likely to engage in deviant behavior. The absence of these social controls increases the likelihood of delinquency, criminal behavior, or other forms of deviance.
This theory emphasizes the importance of socialization, attachment to significant others, and the role of social institutions in preventing and controlling deviant behavior. It suggests that strengthening individuals' social bonds and reinforcing societal values and norms can reduce deviance and promote social order.