Albert cohen strain theory
Albert Cohen's strain theory is a sociological theory that explains deviant behavior, particularly juvenile delinquency, by examining the social structure and cultural values within a community. Cohen argues that people, especially adolescents, experience strain and frustration when they are unable to achieve societal goals such as status, success, and recognition through legitimate means.
According to Cohen, the strain arises from the inability to meet middle-class standards of success, which are highly valued in mainstream culture. This strain is intensified for those who come from lower-class backgrounds and have limited access to the resources necessary for success. As a result, individuals may experience a sense of status frustration and feel marginalized in society.
To cope with this strain and restore their feelings of self-worth, Cohen suggests that individuals may turn to deviant behavior and join subcultural groups that offer alternative means of achieving status and recognition. For example, some individuals may engage in delinquent activities like theft or vandalism as a way to gain respect and importance within their subculture.
Cohen also highlights the role of the collective response to the strain experienced by individuals. He suggests that when those who experience strain and frustration find solace in subcultural groups, they may become part of a deviant subculture that shares values and norms that are at odds with mainstream society. This can further perpetuate deviant behavior and create a cycle of strain, frustration, and delinquency.
Overall, Albert Cohen's strain theory helps explain the social and cultural factors that contribute to deviant behavior and juvenile delinquency. It emphasizes the importance of understanding the societal pressures and lack of opportunities that individuals may face, especially in lower-class communities, and how these factors can influence their choices and behaviors.