The Mongol Empire had both similarities and differences in its long-term effects on China, Russia, and Iran. In China, the Mongols maintained the administrative structure of the Song Dynasty, adopting some of their systems and encouraging trade. In contrast, the Mongols heavily influenced Russia's political organization, by establishing a centralized government that served as a basis for the later Russian state. In Iran, the Mongols disrupted the existing social and political structures, but also patronized the arts and sciences, leading to the flourishing of Persian culture and civilization.
