Altered chromosome structure can drastically affect an individual organism’s phenotype. However, some types of chromosomal rearrangements are more likely to be harmful than others. Categorize the following types of rearrangements from MOST LIKELY to be harmful to LEAST LIKELY to be harmful. (1 point) Responses reciprocal translocation, deletion, translocation reciprocal translocation, deletion, translocation deletion, translocation, inversion deletion, translocation, inversion inversion, translocation, reciprocal translocation inversion, translocation, reciprocal translocation translocation, inversion, duplication
From most likely to be harmful to least likely to be harmful:
1. Deletion - Deletion involves the loss of a segment of the chromosome, which can result in the loss of important genes or regulatory regions.
2. Reciprocal translocation - Reciprocal translocation occurs when two non-homologous chromosomes exchange segments. This can disrupt gene function and cause unbalanced gene expression.
3. Inversion - Inversion involves the flipping of a chromosome segment. While it may not always lead to harmful effects, it can disrupt genes and regulatory regions depending on the orientation of the inverted segment.
4. Translocation - Translocation refers to the movement of a chromosome segment to a non-homologous chromosome. This can disrupt gene function and cause unbalanced gene expression.
5. Duplication - Duplication involves the replication of a chromosome segment. While it can potentially disrupt gene function or regulation, duplications also provide additional copies of genes that may have evolutionary benefits. Therefore, it is less likely to be harmful compared to the other rearrangements listed.