What is daoism and what year(s) did it rise?
Daoism, also known as Taoism, is a philosophical and religious tradition that originated in ancient China. It emerged during the late Zhou Dynasty (1046-256 BCE) and continued to develop over the centuries. While it does not have a specific founder or a fixed set of doctrines, the core concept of Daoism revolves around the harmonious way of life in alignment with the Dao, often translated as "The Way."
Daoism emphasizes the cultivation of inner harmony, balance, and virtue through practices such as meditation, breath control, and the observation of nature. It encourages individuals to live in accordance with the natural flow of the universe, seeking to achieve a state of "wu wei" or effortless action. Daoism also explores concepts like yin and yang, the interplay of opposites, and the belief in immortality.
While the early developments of Daoist philosophy can be traced back to the 4th century BCE, it wasn't until the 2nd century CE that organized religious Daoism with rituals, temples, and clergy fully emerged. It coexisted alongside Confucianism as one of the major philosophical traditions in China, often influencing each other. Despite facing periods of suppression and suppression throughout history, Daoism remains an influential practice with various schools and lineages active in modern China and beyond.