List of inventions from the 1200 CE era that made global trade possible today the dates of invention and the history behind their inventions
During the 1200 CE era, several inventions and advancements contributed to the establishment and growth of global trade. Here are some notable ones along with their estimated dates of invention and brief histories:
1. Compass (circa 1200 CE): Although the magnetic compass was developed earlier, it became popular and widely used in the 12th century. This navigation instrument improved maritime travel by allowing sailors to determine their direction accurately using Earth's magnetic field.
2. Lateen Sail (circa 1200 CE): The triangular lateen sail, originating from the Arabian Peninsula, was widely adopted around the 12th century. This invention greatly enhanced the maneuverability and efficiency of ships, allowing sailors to navigate across different wind conditions.
3. Paper Currency (circa 1297 CE): The use of paper money, known as the "Jiaozi," was first introduced during the Yuan Dynasty in China. This innovation lessened the need for bulky metal coins and facilitated long-distance trade, contributing to the growth of commerce in Asia.
4. Astrolabe (circa 120 CE): Although the astrolabe was invented much earlier, its use expanded during the 13th century. This astronomical instrument allowed sailors to determine latitude, making navigation more precise and reliable.
5. Multi-masted Ships: During this era, various multi-masted ships, such as the carrack and the cog, were developed in Europe. These advancements in shipbuilding enhanced the capacity and range of trade vessels, enabling long-distance travel and establishing global trade networks.
6. Windmills (circa 1180 CE): Windmills saw significant technological advancements during the 12th century in Europe. This invention allowed the harnessing of wind energy for milling grain, which increased agricultural productivity. As a result, surplus food production became possible, promoting trade among regions.
7. Porcelain (circa 1230 CE): The production of high-quality porcelain, known as "Yuan Dynasty blue-and-white porcelain," flourished during the 13th century in China. This invention gained immense popularity, stimulating international trade as it became highly sought-after by merchants and consumers worldwide.
These inventions, collectively, played a crucial role in facilitating and expanding global trade by improving navigational capabilities, reducing trade barriers, and enhancing production efficiencies across various regions.