The gallium in the end of the melting in the person's hand which changes will occur in the microscopic level
When gallium melts in a person's hand, several changes occur at the microscopic level.
1. Transition from Solid to Liquid: At the microscopic level, the arrangement of gallium atoms changes from a regular, ordered crystalline structure in the solid state to a more disordered arrangement in the liquid state. As the temperature rises, the thermal energy increases, causing the atoms to vibrate more vigorously and eventually break away from their fixed positions.
2. Increased Particle Movement: In the liquid state, the gallium atoms have greater freedom of movement compared to when they were in the solid state. They can now move past each other more easily, leading to a flow-like behavior characteristic of liquids.
3. Weaker Intermolecular Forces: In the solid state, atoms are held together by strong intermolecular forces, such as metallic bonds in the case of gallium. These bonds are relatively strong because the atoms are closely packed, but as the metal melts, the intermolecular forces weaken. The increased thermal energy causes the atoms to overcome these forces and move more independently.
4. Randomized Atomic Arrangement: As gallium melts, the atomic arrangement becomes more random. In the solid state, the atoms are arranged in a crystal lattice structure, but in the liquid state, they lose this ordered arrangement and become distributed more randomly.
Overall, the transition from solid to liquid gallium involves the breaking of intermolecular forces, increased atomic movement, and a transition towards a more disordered arrangement of atoms.