Prompt Topic: Citizenship
• Explain the difference between birthright citizenship and naturalized citizenship in the U.S.
• List and describe the naturalization process in the United States.
• Discuss how U.S. citizenship has included, excluded, and expanded to include different populations of people.
• Explain why learning about U.S. citizenship and immigration policies is important.
Birthright citizenship and naturalized citizenship are two different ways through which individuals can become citizens of the United States. Birthright citizenship is granted to anyone who is born on U.S. soil, regardless of the immigration status of their parents. This is in accordance with the Fourteenth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution, which states that "All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside."
On the other hand, naturalized citizenship is the process through which individuals who were not born in the United States can become U.S. citizens. This process involves fulfilling certain requirements and going through an application process, including passing tests on English proficiency, U.S. history, and government.
The naturalization process in the United States typically involves the following steps:
1. Determining eligibility: The individual must be at least 18 years old and have permanent residency (a green card) for at least 5 years (or 3 years if married to a U.S. citizen). They must also meet certain other requirements related to good moral character, residency, and knowledge of English and U.S. civics.
2. Filing the form: The individual must complete and submit Form N-400, Application for Naturalization, along with the required documents and fees.
3. Biometrics appointment: The applicant will be required to provide fingerprints, photographs, and other biometric information.
4. Interview and exam: The applicant is scheduled for an interview with a U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) officer. This includes an English and civics test, where the applicant is tested on their knowledge of English language skills and U.S. history and government.
5. Oath of Allegiance: If the application is approved, the applicant attends a ceremony where they take the Oath of Allegiance to the United States.
Throughout U.S. history, citizenship has been granted, excluded, and expanded to include different populations of people. Initially, citizenship was primarily limited to white males. The Naturalization Act of 1790, for example, granted citizenship only to "free white persons" of good moral character. However, over time, citizenship has been expanded to include previously excluded groups, such as slaves after the abolition of slavery, Native Americans, women, and more recently, same-sex couples.
Learning about U.S. citizenship and immigration policies is important for several reasons. Firstly, it helps individuals understand their rights and responsibilities as citizens or potential citizens. It also helps foster a sense of national identity and belonging, promoting civic engagement and participation in the democratic process. Furthermore, it allows individuals to advocate for immigration policies that are fair, just, and inclusive, ensuring that everyone has an equal opportunity to become a citizen and contribute to society.