Phytoplankton obtain energy from the sun through the process of photosynthesis. They use pigments like chlorophyll to capture sunlight and convert it into chemical energy. On average, phytoplankton receive around 3-6% of the total solar energy that reaches the surface of the ocean. However, this percentage can vary depending on factors such as water depth, latitude, and the presence of other substances in the water that can absorb or scatter sunlight.
