Which of the following demonstrates the central dogma of molecular biologists?(1 point)
Responses
Gene expression relies on environmental factors that determine which traits are dominant.
Proteins replicate DNA which gives the expression of traits to an organism.
DNA and RNA hold the code to create proteins that are the key to gene expression.
DNA and RNA mutate into either harmful or helpful effects on the human body.
The central dogma of molecular biology explains the flow of genetic information, from DNA to RNA to protein. It is the process by which the information in genes flows into proteins: DNA → RNA → protein. Based on this understanding, the response that best demonstrates the central dogma is:
DNA and RNA hold the code to create proteins that are the key to gene expression.
This statement correctly outlines the flow of genetic information as described by the central dogma. The other statements either focus on aspects that are not directly related to the central dogma or inaccurately describe the processes involved.
What type of mutation is shown below?
DNA Sequence: TTA-GCG-ATC
Copy of DNA Sequence: AAC-TCG-CTA-G
(1 point)
Responses
Inversion
Insertion
Deletion
Substitution
The DNA sequence provided is:
Original DNA Sequence: TTA-GCG-ATC
Copy of DNA Sequence: AAC-TCG-CTA-G
By comparing the two sequences:
Original: TTA-GCG-ATC
Copy: AAC-TCG-CTA-G
You can see in the copied sequence that there is an extra base ("G") at the end. This change in the genetic sequence illustrates an addition of one base that was not present in the original sequence. Therefore, the type of mutation demonstrated here is:
Insertion