Crystallization is a process in which atoms, ions, or molecules form a solid crystal structure from a liquid or gas phase. It involves the formation of a regular, repeating arrangement of particles, known as a crystal lattice. This process occurs when a solution or melt is cooled, causing the solute to become less soluble and form solid crystals. Impurities can be removed during the crystallization process, resulting in a purified substance. Crystallization is used in various industries, including pharmaceuticals, chemicals, and materials science.
