why do organisms need to obtain energy via cellular respiration
to break down ATP
to photosynthesize
to grow and reproduce
to perform glycolysis
Organisms need to obtain energy via cellular respiration for several reasons:
1. To break down ATP: ATP, or adenosine triphosphate, is the primary energy currency within cells. It provides the necessary energy for various cellular processes such as muscle contraction, enzyme reactions, active transport, and more. During cellular respiration, the breakdown of glucose molecules releases energy that is used to convert ADP (adenosine diphosphate) into ATP, replenishing the cell's energy supply.
2. To photosynthesize: Although cellular respiration and photosynthesis are two distinct processes, they are interconnected. During photosynthesis, plants and some bacteria convert sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide into glucose and oxygen. This glucose is later broken down via cellular respiration to produce energy in the form of ATP. Therefore, organisms need cellular respiration to utilize the energy stored in glucose produced during the process of photosynthesis.
3. To grow and reproduce: Energy obtained through cellular respiration is essential for the growth and development of organisms. It fuels the synthesis of new molecules, such as proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids, required for cellular growth and repair. Additionally, energy is needed for cell division and reproductive processes, including sperm and egg production, fertilization, embryonic development, and the formation of new cells and tissues.
4. To perform glycolysis: Glycolysis is the initial step of cellular respiration, which occurs in the cytoplasm of cells. During glycolysis, a molecule of glucose is broken down into two molecules of pyruvate, producing a small amount of ATP in the process. This ATP can be readily used by the cell to perform tasks requiring immediate bursts of energy, such as muscle contractions or nerve impulses. Hence, organisms need cellular respiration to perform glycolysis and generate ATP when oxygen availability is limited, as glycolysis is an anaerobic process.