Kefamo river Mafemo river
Velocity=D/t
=10/13.06
=0.8 Velocity=D/t
=10/11.3
= 0.9
V=10/7.54=1.3 V=10/11.3=0.9
V= 10/8.33=1.2 V=10/8=1.3
V=10/9.39=1.1 V=10/7.25=1.3
V=10/7.41 V=10/9.2=1.1
AV=5.8/5=1.16 Av =5.5/5=1.1
Velocity Vs Turbidity
Kefamo river Mafemo
V(m³/s) T(NTu) V(m³/s) T(NTu)
0.8 123.1 0.9 116.5
1.3 121.1 1.3 116.8
1.2 0 1.4 0
1.1 0 1.3 0
1.4 0 1.1 0
Velocity Vs EC
Kefamo river Mafemo river
V(m³/s) uS/cm EC V(m³/s) uS/cm EC
0.8 19.7 0.9 29.3
1.3 19.7 1.3 0.3
1.2 19.7 1.4 27.7
1.1 0 1.3 0
1.4 0 1.1 0
Velocity Vs pH
Kefamo river Mafemo
V(m³/s) pH(Hz) V(m³/s) pH(Hz)
0.8 8.06 0.9 7.14
1.3 7.61 1.3 7.56
1.2 7.68 1.4 6.99
1.1 0 1.3 0
1.4 0 1.1 0
Stream Flow Vs pH
Distance (m) Time (K)( s) Time pH (K) pH (M) Hz
10 13.06 11.3 8.06 7.14
10 7.54 8 7.61 7.56
10 8.33 7.25 7.68 6.99
10 9.39 7.45 0 0
10 7.41 9.2 0 0
10 9.15 8.64 7.8 7.23
Stream Flow Vs Turbidity
Distance (m) Time K (s) Time M (s) K NTu Turbidity M NTu Turbidity
10 13.06 11.3 123.1 116.5
10 7.54 8 121.1 116.8
10 8.33 7.25 0 0
10 9.29 7.45 0 0
10 7.41 9.2 0 0
10 9.15 8.64 122.1 116.7
Stream Flow Vs Electrical Conductivity
Distance (m) Time K (s) Time (m) EC(uS/cm)k EC(M)(uS/cm)
10 13.06 11.3 19.7 29.3
10 7.54 8 19.7 0.3
10 8.33 7.25 19.7 27.7
10 9.39 7.45 0 0
10 7.41 9.2 0 0
9.15 8.64 19.7 9.3
Average Velocity and pH for both Stream
Velocity Vs pH. Velocity Vs Turbidity
m³/s velocity pH (Hz) m³/s Turbidity NTu
0.85 7.6 0.85 119.8
1.3 7.6 1.3 118.95
1.3 7.34 1.3 0
1.2 0 1.2 0
1.25 0 1.25 0
Velocity Vs EC kepamo river
V=(m³/s) EC uS/cm)
0.85 24.5
1.3 10
1.3 23.7
1.2 0
1.23 0
Depth (downstream) Depth
upstream Floating test
Time elapse
43cm (1) 10cm (1) 13.06s (1)
66cm (2) 66cm (2) 7.54s (2)
17cm (3) 44cm (3) 8.33s (3)
43+66+17=126 10+66+44=120 9.39s (4)
Av=126/3=42cm Av=120/3=40cm 7.41s (5)
46.03/5
Av=9.206
Mapemo River. Segment A
Depth Width
1. Right 45 Average= 810/3 = 8.1
2. Middle 108
3. Left 47.5
Average 200.5/3 = 66.83
Segment B
Depth Width
1. Right = 23cm 390/3 = 9.9m
2. Middle = 84cm
3. Left = 80cm
Average = 187/3 = 62.33
Calculate stream discharge for each river using the derived average streamflow (velocity)
Discharges = V X W X D
Discharge of Kefamo River
Discharge = 1.16 x 42 + 40/2 x 3.3 + 2.83/2 =
=1.16 x 41 x 3.065
= 145.77
Discharge of Mapemo River.
Discharges = V X W X D
Velocity = distance /time
v =9.9 + 8.1/2 /11.3 + 8 + 7.25 +7.45 + 9.2/5
= 9/8.64, v = 1.04m/s
Discharges = V X W X D
Discharge = 1.04m/s x 9 x 66.83 + 62.33
Discharge = 1.04 x 9 x 64.58
= 604.47
Multiply each stream discharge value by a correction factor of 0.85 (85%),
Kepamo River would be;
145.77 x 0.85 = 123.9045
Mapemo River could be;
604.47 x 0.85 = 513.7995
Provide and explanatory discussion to each of the result presented
The results presented show the calculations and measurements for the velocity, turbidity, electrical conductivity (EC), pH, depth, and width in two rivers, Kefamo River and Mafemo River.
For velocity, the calculations were done using the formula V=D/t, where V is velocity, D is the distance, and t is the time. The velocity values for Kefamo River ranged from 0.8 to 1.4 m³/s, while for Mafemo River, the velocity values ranged from 0.9 to 1.3 m³/s.
Turbidity measurements were taken for both rivers and showed the level of water clarity. The values ranged from 0 to 123.1 NTu for Kefamo River and from 0 to 116.8 NTu for Mafemo River.
EC measurements were taken to determine the level of electrical conductivity in the water, which can indicate the presence of dissolved ions. The EC values ranged from 0 to 19.7 uS/cm for Kefamo River and from 0.3 to 29.3 uS/cm for Mafemo River.
pH measurements were taken to determine the acidity or alkalinity of the water. The pH values ranged from 0 to 8.06 for Kefamo River and from 0 to 7.56 for Mafemo River.
Depth and width measurements were also taken for both rivers. The average depth for Kefamo River was 42 cm, while for Mafemo River, the average depth was 40 cm. The width measurements varied along different segments of the rivers.
Using the average velocity, width, and depth measurements, the stream discharge was calculated for each river. The discharge for Kefamo River was determined to be 123.9045 m³/s, while for Mafemo River, the discharge was determined to be 513.7995 m³/s.
In summary, these results provide a comprehensive understanding of the characteristics of the two rivers, including their velocity, turbidity, electrical conductivity, pH, depth, width, and stream discharge. These measurements and calculations are important in assessing the overall health and quality of the rivers, and can provide valuable information for monitoring and managing water resources.