What does the term Ex officio, refers to?

The term "ex officio" refers to holding a position or having certain powers or rights automatically by virtue of one's official position or role. In this context, "ex" means "out of" or "from" and "officio" refers to someone's official position or duty. So, when someone is referred to as holding a position "ex officio," it means they hold it automatically by virtue of their other position or role.