Which of the following were common characteristics of Muslim architecture?

adobe construction
windowless buildings
arches and domes
flat roofs

The common characteristics of Muslim architecture in the options provided are:

- Arches and domes: These architectural features are prominent in Muslim architecture, such as in mosques and palaces. Arches and domes are often used to provide structural support and create aesthetically pleasing designs.

- Flat roofs: Flat roofs are commonly found in Muslim architecture, particularly in regions with a dry climate. Flat roofs allow for outdoor activities and gatherings to take place, such as prayer or relaxation.

Therefore, the correct answer is:
- Arches and domes
- Flat roofs

which one were the most common? only one answer is allowed

The most common characteristic of Muslim architecture among the options provided is:

- Arches and domes

To determine which of the characteristics were common in Muslim architecture, let's go through each option and see if it applies.

1. Adobe construction: Adobe is a building material made of clay, sand, and straw, commonly used in regions with dry climates. While adobe construction was used in some historical Islamic architecture, it is not a characteristic that applies universally to Muslim architecture. So, we can exclude this.

2. Windowless buildings: Windowless buildings are rarely found in Muslim architecture. Islamic architecture, especially in mosques and palaces, often incorporates windows as a means of providing light and ventilation, and to create a connection between the interior and exterior. So, we can exclude this as well.

3. Arches and domes: Arches and domes are indeed common features of Muslim architecture. These architectural elements were widely used in the construction of mosques, palaces, and other structures, and have become iconic symbols of Islamic architecture.

4. Flat roofs: Flat roofs are also common in Muslim architecture. Many traditional Islamic buildings feature flat roofs, especially in regions with dry climates, where rain is infrequent. The flat roofs can provide additional space for various purposes or serve as outdoor gathering areas.

Therefore, the common characteristics of Muslim architecture from the provided options are:
- Arches and domes
- Flat roofs

It's important to note that the characteristics of Muslim architecture can vary across different regions and time periods, as various architectural styles and influences have contributed to the diversity within Islamic architecture.