How does the development of maritime empires compare with the development of land-based empires in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries?(1 point)
Responses
The maritime empires focused on control of trade routes in the Indian Ocean rather than the control of people and land.
The maritime empires focused on control of trade routes in the Indian Ocean rather than the control of people and land.
Land-based empires were heavily supported by private individuals and joint-stock companies.
Land-based empires were heavily supported by private individuals and joint-stock companies.
The maritime empires found themselves bankrupt due to the necessary investment in infrastructure.
The maritime empires found themselves bankrupt due to the necessary investment in infrastructure.
The maritime empires did not have to rely on locals for help in the Indian Ocean.
The maritime empires did not have to rely on locals for help in the Indian Ocean.
Which of the following best explains why the Portuguese expanded into the Indian Ocean?(1 point)
Responses
With the Ottoman capture of Constantinople, the Portuguese had to find another route to access the Asian spice trade.
With the Ottoman capture of Constantinople, the Portuguese had to find another route to access the Asian spice trade.
The Portuguese developed superior technology, and the Indian Ocean was an ideal environment to test it out.
The Portuguese developed superior technology, and the Indian Ocean was an ideal environment to test it out.
The Portuguese empire wanted to find a route to the Caribbean sugar trade.
The Portuguese empire wanted to find a route to the Caribbean sugar trade.
The Portuguese heard of the building of the Taj Mahal in the Mughal Empire.
With the Ottoman capture of Constantinople, the Portuguese had to find another route to access the Asian spice trade.
Determine the effects of the Portuguese maritime empire in the Indian Ocean.(1 point)
Responses
The Portuguese maritime empire continued the Columbian Exchange, expanded global trade, expanded Christianity’s influence, and led to the suppression of local customs and beliefs.
The Portuguese maritime empire continued the Columbian Exchange, expanded global trade, expanded Christianity’s influence, and led to the suppression of local customs and beliefs.
The Portuguese maritime empire led to the end of the Columbian Exchange, expanded global trade, and increased religious toleration.
The Portuguese maritime empire led to the end of the Columbian Exchange, expanded global trade, and increased religious toleration.
The Portuguese maritime empire took over entire nations and changed their government structures to become more democratic.
The Portuguese maritime empire took over entire nations and changed their government structures to become more democratic.
The Portuguese maritime empire allowed the Portuguese empire to grow in terms of trade, but it was unable to have any significant impact on the peoples around the Indian Ocean.
The Portuguese maritime empire continued the Columbian Exchange, expanded global trade, expanded Christianity’s influence, and led to the suppression of local customs and beliefs.
Why might investors in the British East India Company have looked toward the Netherlands for ways to improve trade?(1 point)
Responses
The Dutch were able to keep the English out of Asia.
The Dutch were able to keep the English out of Asia.
The Dutch were able to generate significant interest in European manufactured goods in China.
The Dutch were able to generate significant interest in European manufactured goods in China.
The Dutch had superior knowledge in the Americas.
The Dutch had superior knowledge in the Americas.
The Dutch were more successful in obtaining trade partners and trade monopolies in Asia.
The Dutch were more successful in obtaining trade partners and trade monopolies in Asia.
An investigation into the Battle of Lepanto reveals that which of the following was a factor in the battle’s outcome?(1 point)
Responses
the Ottoman’s superior organizational skills
the Ottoman’s superior organizational skills
the Ottoman’s more modern artillery
the Ottoman’s more modern artillery
the weakness of the Ottoman navy
the weakness of the Ottoman navy
the small size of the Ottoman navy
the weakness of the Ottoman navy
To compare the development of maritime empires with land-based empires in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, we can look at their focus, support, financial challenges, and reliance on locals.
1. Focus: Maritime empires, such as Portugal and later the Dutch and British, placed a primary focus on controlling trade routes in the Indian Ocean rather than controlling people and land. This involved establishing naval dominance, establishing trading posts, and securing economic control of these routes. In contrast, land-based empires like the Ottoman Empire and Ming Dynasty focused on territorial expansion, conquering and ruling over vast land areas and diverse populations.
2. Support: Land-based empires relied heavily on the support of private individuals and joint-stock companies. These entities would provide capital, resources, and expertise to the empire in exchange for commercial privileges or political influence. In the maritime context, while private individuals and companies did play a role (such as the Dutch and British East India Companies), the development of maritime empires was more directly driven by state-sponsored efforts backed by monarchies or governments.
3. Financial Challenges: The maritime empires faced significant financial challenges due to the necessary investments in infrastructure. Building and maintaining a powerful navy, establishing and defending trading posts, and funding long-distance explorations and expeditions required substantial financial resources. Consequently, some maritime empires found themselves facing bankruptcy or struggling to sustain their operations due to the high costs involved.
4. Reliance on Locals: The maritime empires often relied on locals for various forms of assistance in the Indian Ocean. This could range from forming alliances with local rulers to gain access to trade networks, hiring local maritime expertise for navigation and pilotage, or utilizing local labor for trading activities. The ability to form alliances or establish cooperative relationships with local communities and leaders greatly facilitated their control and influence in the region.
In summary, the development of maritime empires in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries differed from land-based empires in terms of focus, support, financial challenges, and reliance on locals. The maritime empires prioritized trade routes, received state sponsorship, faced financial difficulties, and often sought support from locals in the Indian Ocean. Meanwhile, land-based empires concentrated on territorial expansion, relied on private individuals and companies for support, confronted different financial challenges, and controlled people and land rather than trade routes.