By the end of the Shang dynasty, the Chinese had developed a form of writing in which each character represented a________

By the end of the Shang dynasty, the Chinese had developed a form of writing in which each character represented a word or concept.

By the end of the Shang dynasty, the Chinese had developed a form of writing in which each character represented a morpheme.

By the end of the Shang dynasty, the Chinese had developed a form of writing in which each character represented a word or concept.

To find this information, you can start by searching for reliable sources on Chinese history and the development of writing systems. Books, academic journals, and reputable websites can provide valuable information on this topic. Some reliable sources you can consult include:

1. Books on Chinese history: Look for books that cover the Shang dynasty and its cultural developments, including the development of writing systems.
2. Academic journals: Scholarly journals that focus on Chinese history, archaeology, or linguistics may have articles that discuss the writing system of the Shang dynasty.
3. Reputable websites: Websites of reputable institutions, such as museums or academic institutions, can offer reliable information about the history of Chinese writing.

When searching online, be sure to critically evaluate the sources you come across. Look for information that is supported by evidence, which is based on research or expertise in the field. Additionally, cross-referencing information from multiple sources can help to ensure accuracy.

By utilizing these research methods, you can find reliable information about the form of writing developed during the Shang dynasty, where each character represented a word or concept.