Which statement comparing ionic and covalent bonds is correct?
a
Elements in Group 1A are more likely to form covalent bonds than ionic bonds with other atoms.
b
The difference between electronegativities is greater in covalent bonds than for atoms in ionic bonds.
c
More electrons are transferred from covalent bonds than ionic bonds.
d
Covalent bonds tend to be less polar than ionic bonds.
d
Covalent bonds tend to be less polar than ionic bonds.
The correct statement comparing ionic and covalent bonds is:
d
Covalent bonds tend to be less polar than ionic bonds.
The correct statement is: d) Covalent bonds tend to be less polar than ionic bonds.
To determine the correct answer, we need to understand the differences between ionic and covalent bonds.
Ionic bonds involve the transfer of electrons from one atom to another, resulting in the formation of positive and negative ions that attract each other due to electrostatic forces. In contrast, covalent bonds involve the sharing of electrons between atoms to achieve a stable electron configuration.
Option a is incorrect because Group 1A elements, such as lithium and sodium, are more likely to form ionic bonds by donating an electron rather than forming covalent bonds.
Option b is incorrect because the difference in electronegativities (the ability of atoms to attract electrons) is typically larger in ionic compounds than in covalent compounds. In ionic bonds, one atom has a significantly higher electronegativity, resulting in the complete transfer of electrons.
Option c is incorrect because in covalent bonds, electrons are shared between atoms rather than transferred. So, no electrons are actually transferred from either type of bond.
Option d is correct because ionic bonds involve the separation of charge, with one atom having a positive charge and the other having a negative charge. This creates a strong electric field and a highly polar bond. In contrast, covalent bonds involve the sharing of electrons, resulting in a more balanced distribution of charge and a generally less polar bond.