In the European states, the New Science
(A) was not discovered outside Poland and Italy until the eighteenth century.
B) was encouraged in England and other countries through the establishment of royal societies.
E
triggered a rebirth of faith throughout the Continent.
was suppressed in all Catholic countries, especially in France.
was privately welcomed but not supported by any national state.
B) was encouraged in England and other countries through the establishment of royal societies.
B) was encouraged in England and other countries through the establishment of royal societies.
The New Science was not discovered outside Poland and Italy until the eighteenth century (A) is incorrect. The New Science had a significant impact on other European countries, especially in England, where it was encouraged through the establishment of royal societies.
The New Science did not trigger a rebirth of faith throughout the Continent (C) is incorrect. Instead, it challenged traditional beliefs and led to a shift in scientific thinking.
The statement that the New Science was suppressed in all Catholic countries, especially in France (D), is incorrect. While there were instances of opposition from the Catholic Church, it was not universally suppressed throughout all Catholic countries.
Finally, the statement that the New Science was privately welcomed but not supported by any national state (E) is also incorrect. Several national states, including England, supported the development and advancement of the New Science through their royal societies.
Therefore, the correct answer is B) was encouraged in England and other countries through the establishment of royal societies.
To determine the correct answer, we can break down the given options and analyze the information provided.
A) The statement suggests that the New Science was not discovered outside Poland and Italy until the eighteenth century. However, this contradicts historical evidence as the New Science, particularly the Scientific Revolution, spread across various European countries during the seventeenth century. Therefore, option A is incorrect.
B) This option states that the New Science was encouraged in England and other countries through the establishment of royal societies. This statement aligns with historical facts where institutions such as the Royal Society of London and the Académie des Sciences in France were established to promote scientific advancements. As such, option B is a plausible answer.
C) The statement claims that the New Science triggered a rebirth of faith throughout the Continent. However, this is inaccurate as the Scientific Revolution, which is closely associated with the New Science, was actually a period of increased reliance on empirical observation and experimentation, rather than faith. Consequently, option C is incorrect.
D) This option suggests that the New Science was suppressed in all Catholic countries, especially in France. While it is true that the Catholic Church raised concerns and sometimes opposed certain scientific ideas, it is an oversimplification to say that the New Science was entirely suppressed in Catholic countries. Numerous Catholic scholars and institutions contributed to the development of the New Science. Therefore, option D is not accurate.
E) The statement states that the New Science was privately welcomed but not supported by any national state. This assertion does not align with the historical record. Several national states, such as England and the Dutch Republic, actively supported the scientific developments of the time. Consequently, option E is incorrect.
Based on our analysis, option B is the most suitable answer. The New Science was indeed encouraged in England and other countries through the establishment of royal societies.